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The role of LINC complex in male germinal cells
Kmoníčková, Věra ; Komrsková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Knop, Filip (referee)
LINC (linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex is substantial for the overall function of any nuclear cell. It is a bridge between the cytoplasmic and nuclear structures which mediates transmission of mechanical forces generated on the cytoplasmic side. The main objective of this thesis is the function of distinct variants of the LINC complexes in mammalian male germinal cells throughout their development. The nuclear facing side of the LINC complex is a key player in homolog pairing and rapid chromosome movements during meiosis. The cytoplasmic facing side is necessary for the sperm head formation, proper acrosome and nucleus attachment. Evenly, another complex is essential for the head-to-tail coupling as without this one the sperm cells are found decapitated. If the subunits of the LINC complex are defective, males are afflicted with different kinds of infertilities, which nowadays is one of the important issues of our society. Many things about the role and structure of the LINC complex has been discovered due to modern technologies. These up to date findings are summarized and discussed on the following pages.
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Post-Translational Modifications of Nuclear and Non-Nuclear Proteins in Spermatozoa
Řimnáčová, Hedvika ; Nevoral, Jan (advisor) ; Krapf, Dario (referee) ; Álvarez Rodríguez, Manuel (referee)
Posttranslational modifications of nuclear and nonnuclear proteins in spermatozoa Summary The number of couples who need the help of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has increased over the years. Approximately half of the cases are caused by male infertility, which is often diagnosed as idiopathic infertility. Therefore, the search for male fertility markers will improve male infertility diagnosis, thereby facilitating advanced sperm treatment and selection via ART. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of sperm nuclear and nonnuclear proteins are suitable candidates for such markers. The PTMs of protamines and histones reflect sperm chromatin maturity and its readiness for fertilization, and accordingly, they can predict the outcome of ART. However, the PTMs of nonnuclear proteins, including cytoplasmic, cytoskeletal, and membrane proteins, reflect the ability of sperm to undergo hyperactivation, capacitation, or acrosome reactions, which are processes essential for fertilization. We hypothesize that the PTMs of nuclear and nonnuclear proteins can reflect sperm quality and, thus, serve as a valuable marker in ART. Additionally, we suggest that the in vitro addition of hydrogen sulfide into the sperm-manipulating media improves sperm motility and viability via persulfidation. We used Western blot...
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The role of LINC complex in male germinal cells
Kmoníčková, Věra ; Komrsková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Knop, Filip (referee)
LINC (linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex is substantial for the overall function of any nuclear cell. It is a bridge between the cytoplasmic and nuclear structures which mediates transmission of mechanical forces generated on the cytoplasmic side. The main objective of this thesis is the function of distinct variants of the LINC complexes in mammalian male germinal cells throughout their development. The nuclear facing side of the LINC complex is a key player in homolog pairing and rapid chromosome movements during meiosis. The cytoplasmic facing side is necessary for the sperm head formation, proper acrosome and nucleus attachment. Evenly, another complex is essential for the head-to-tail coupling as without this one the sperm cells are found decapitated. If the subunits of the LINC complex are defective, males are afflicted with different kinds of infertilities, which nowadays is one of the important issues of our society. Many things about the role and structure of the LINC complex has been discovered due to modern technologies. These up to date findings are summarized and discussed on the following pages.
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